Diagnosis of the disease is difficult because its symptoms have many similarities with other gynecological pathologies. The following signs may indicate varicose veins of the uterus: discomfort during sexual intercourse, severe pain in the lower abdomen that occurs periodically, cycle failure with prolonged and sparse bleeding. But at the time of childbirth these symptoms may not occur or may indicate other diseases.
Definition
What is it - varicose veins of the uterus and how does it affect a woman's well-being and reproductive function? It is a pathological process characterized by elongation and dilation of blood vessels, the emergence of nodules, thinning of the venous walls, and difficulty in the circulatory process. Varicose veins of the uterus are a relatively rare disease that has no specific symptoms and is difficult to diagnose.
Factors of origin
The reasons for the development of uterine venous pathology are mainly the following:
- History of abortion.
- Sedentary lifestyle during pregnancy.
- Hormonal imbalance (excess amount of progesterone, which helps to reduce the tone of the pelvic and uterine vessels).
- Insufficiency of blood vessels.
- Untreated inflammatory processes.
- Prolonged use of oral contraceptives.
- Hereditary predisposition.
- Menstrual disorders.
- Chronic forms of other diseases that affect the condition of the reproductive organs.
The main symptom of the disease is a dull aching pain in the lower abdomen, which sometimes radiates to the lower spine or sac. There are no typical symptoms of varicose veins of the uterus, they are found with equal frequency in other gynecological diseases.
At-risk groups
Often varicose veins appear or progress in the uterus in a pregnant woman, since the development of the disease is influenced by elevated levels of progesterone, weight gain and venous pressure. Women who give birth to a child, if possible, should be guided by an active lifestyle, as well as regularly visit the doctor who is responsible for pregnancy.
Women at risk for uterine varicose veins include:
- Excess weight;
- The largest number of abortions in history;
- Leading a sedentary lifestyle;
- Many children;
- Use of regular slimming underwear;
- With sexual dysfunction;
- With menstrual irregularities.
Such women should reconsider their habits, follow a diet rich in vegetables and fruits, exercise more and monitor the condition of the intestines.
Symptoms and signs
In the vast majority of cases, varicose veins of the uterus are manifested by latent or non-pronounced symptoms. One of the most common complaints is discomfort during or after sex, as well as during exercise and menstruation. Occasionally there is an increase in vaginal tenderness, an increase in PMS symptoms, and an increase in the interval between periods of 1, 5-2 months.
These symptoms are characteristic of many pathologies of the pelvic organs. It is therefore quite difficult to diagnose varicose veins in the uterus. According to statistics, only 10% of patients with this pathology can stand at the onset of the disease. In case of misdiagnosis, the disease continues to progress and over time can lead to serious consequences.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of varicose veins is possible with the help of laboratory and instrumental research methods. Ultrasound of the uterus with a vaginal sensor will allow you to imagine the condition of the veins. CT and X-ray in this case are uninformative. Laboratory tests make it possible to determine the composition of the blood.
Gynecological examination
If uterine varicose veins are suspected, the specialist should conduct a vaginal examination and take the patient's history. The main diagnostic sign of the disease on examination is the bluish discoloration of the cervix and vaginal mucosa, enlarged veins and nodules.
Ultrasound
Ultrasound is very important to make a diagnosis. This can be done in two ways: transvaginally, or by inserting a vaginal probe, and through the abdominal wall, or transabdominally (pictured).
Visualization of venous system pathology is possible only with transvaginal ultrasound. After the detection of the disease, the doctor should consult a specialist doctor (phlebologist) of venous pathologies. He in turn will order a phlebography for a thorough examination of the venous system if the ultrasound fails to give an accurate picture of the condition. This procedure is contraindicated for pregnant women and people with iodine intolerance.
Analyzes
Laboratory examination helps to establish discrepancies between coagulogram parameters, which may be the cause of venous pathology. If there are many platelets in the blood, then it has increased clotting and viscosity, which also does not allow it to circulate adequately.
Varicose veins of the uterus during pregnancy
Varicose veins on the uterus during pregnancy most often develop with damage to the veins of the legs. Treatment of the disease is recommended after the birth of the child, and symptomatic therapy is prescribed during gestation. Shown taking venotonics, wearing compression underwear, physiotherapy exercise complexes.
Varicose veins of the uterus rarely occur during pregnancy, but create some problems. Childbirth most often occurs by caesarean section. The entire gestational period of the woman should be under the supervision of a phlebologist.
Treatment
How to treat varicose veins of the uterus? Whether a woman is pregnant or not, the disease is treated by a gynecologist in consultation with a phlebologist. In the case of gestation, the question of the optimal method of childbirth these specialists jointly decide after the detection of the degree of ultrasound vascular pathology.
Medical therapy
Pharmacotherapy includes venotonics. Anticoagulants are also prescribed.
Women who have a baby are not prescribed medication because such a risk to the fetus is not justified. Pregnant women may be prescribed a contrast shower, physiotherapy, compression underwear, and multivitamin complexes.
surgery
If the pathology is detected at a late stage and conservative treatment is ineffective, seek surgical intervention. There are several ways of surgical correction, from which it is important to choose the least traumatic and effective:
- Vascular sclerosis;
- Removal of small damaged vessels with wounds;
- Radiofrequency coagulation;
- Laser coagulation.
In severe cases, the uterus is removed with or without appendages. Such serious surgical intervention requires the appointment of hormone replacement therapy (HRT), which helps to prevent premature menopause.
Diet
Since the lower intestine is located near the uterus, it is important to monitor composition and diet. Wheat bran enhances peristalsis, while lactic acid products promote the microflora.
In addition, the abundance of plant foods will have a good effect on the condition of the veins: celery, tomatoes, cucumbers, blueberries and cherries. Iodine-containing foods, such as seaweed, perfectly repair the venous wall, strengthen it, and reduce weakness. For normal functioning of the organs it is necessary to drink 1. 5-2 liters of water per day.
Sample menu for the day
Breakfast:
- Tomato and cucumber salad;
- Whole grain bread;
- 1 egg.
Dinner:
- ᲑVegetable soup;
- Potato Puree;
- Cutlets;
- Sour cabbage with blueberries.
Dinner:
- Kefir;
- Whole grain bread;
- A piece of cheese.
It is undesirable to use products made from white flour and sugar, confectionery (chocolate, sweets, cookies). In small quantities you can enjoy honey, jam, marshmallows. Fatty foods are contraindicated because they cause blood clots. Food is best cooked on steam or by boiling.
Physiotherapy
A good result with varicose veins gives a contrast shower, it should be sent to the perineum. Physiotherapy exercises can also help us, it consists of "bicycle", "vodka" and so on. In performing exercises, it is also recommended to do breathing exercises and wear compression underwear.
Kegel exercises
These exercises strengthen the pelvic floor muscles if done on a regular basis, gradually increasing the complexity of the technique and increasing the duration. There are several types:
- Compression and relaxation. Stretch your muscles, count to three, and then relax. Count to three again and drain. Gradually increase the duration of the exercise to 20 seconds.
- Alternation of exercise intensity, e. წ. 1st floor - easy to catch and hold muscles for 3-5 seconds. The intensity and duration of the 2nd floor increases and a. Sh. On the 5th-7th floor, perform the exercises in the reverse order: from pronounced load to weak.
- Rapid muscle contraction and relaxation.
- The push is the tension in the muscles involved in the effort. Similar to defecation or trying to give birth.
Complications of the disease
Why is the disease dangerous? If varicose veins of the cervix are not diagnosed in time, complications can occur that lead to impaired reproductive function:
- Damage to the veins.
- Massive bruises.
- Inflammation of the uterus and appendages.
- Inability to conceive and have a baby.
The disease can progress and lead to the development of the following conditions:
- Functional insufficiency of the genitals.
- Thrombosis, most common in pregnant women.
- Pain in the abdomen.
- Anxiety and increased irritability.
The disease significantly complicates intimate life, leading to the development of vaginismus and fear of sexual intercourse.
Prevention of uterine varicose veins
To prevent pathology of the uterine veins it is necessary to increase physical activity, proper nutrition and the inclusion of special exercises. In case of varicose veins it is useful to rest the legs above to improve drainage.
It is not necessary to make an independent diagnosis based on the signs, because even a doctor can not always say whether it is a pathology or if it is a symptom of other gynecological diseases. Pain syndrome does not mean the presence of varicose veins in the uterus.
Conclusion and conclusion
The disease causes a violation of the hormonal background in a woman and the failure of the menstrual cycle. Complications can occur when varicose veins are detected in time and infertility can develop. Women who have been diagnosed with this disease need regular scheduled screening and monitoring of the course of the disease. This will prevent complications and prevent the progression of the pathology. If the disease is already complicated and conservative treatment does not work, it is necessary to consider the possibility of surgical intervention.